Vol.1,No.1,2025-Table of Contents
- OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
- Utilization of Cement Kiln Dust and Aluminum Powder as Partial Cement Replacement in Sustainable High-Performance Concrete
- Sustainable Engineering Materials Vol.1,No.1,2025 DOI:10.54113/j.suem.2025.000006 Online published:2025-7-31
- Abstract This research presents a procedure for further evaluation of the Effect of incorporating cement kiln dust (CKD) and aluminum powder (AP) on the mechanical features of the concrete. CKD and AW were converted into powder materials and used as a partial substitution of cement in concrete mixes at 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% proportions. The properties focused on included the fresh and hardened characteristics of the concrete. Utilization of the slump test allowed the assessment of the workability of the fresh mixes, and after 28 days of curing, the hardened properties to be evaluated included compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting strength, and dry shrinkage. The replacement of the control, including a reduction in the level of CKD and AP replacement materials up to 10% has been shown to enhance the improvement of structural mechanical properties of concrete. Similarly, progressive replacement levels of 15% and 20% improved these properties slightly. Replacement of 10% resulted in a 22.92% increase in compressive strength of the specimen as opposed to 0% replacement specimens (Control), and this increase was observed in the rest of the mechanical properties as well. Besides, the incorporation of material replacement additives helped reduce shrinkage. The results of this study favour the formulation of "green" concrete with improved mechanical properties and reduced environmental impact in the building construction industry.… More
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- Study on splitting tensile toughness of seawater sea sand concrete reinforced with bamboo sticks
- Sustainable Engineering Materials Vol.1,No.1,2025 DOI:10.54113/j.suem.2025.000005 Online published:2025-7-26
- Abstract Concrete is a typical material with high compressive strength but weak tensile strength. But the tensile strength affects the formation and development of cracks in concrete, so it is an essential factor in the practical application of concrete. Concrete can be enhanced its tensile strength by incorporating sticks with good tensile resistance, and bamboo stick is a good choice. This paper conducted a series of comparative tests (64 specimens) on splitting tensile strength of bamboo stick reinforced seawater sea-sand concrete (BFRSSC). The effects of volume fraction, length-diameter ratio, and diameter of bamboo stick were studied, and the specimen’s load-displacement and load-strain curves under different variables were analyzed. The result shows that the impact of stick volume fraction on splitting tensile behavior is the most obvious, while the bamboo stick diameter has the least impact on it. In addition, this paper also analyzes the toughening mechanism of bamboo stick and gives the regression model of splitting tensile strength of bamboo stick-reinforced seawater sea sand concrete, in order to lay a theoretical foundation for the promotion of bamboo stick in marine materials.… More
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- Design, manufacture, and mechanical performance analysis of LVS structural plywood
- Sustainable Engineering Materials Vol.1,No.1,2025 DOI:10.54113/j.suem.2025.000004 Online published:2025-7-26
- Abstract This paper focuses on Laminated Veneer Sandwich (LVS) structural plywood, systematically expounding its structural design and key production processes, and comparatively analyzing the mechanical properties such as elastic modulus of LVS and Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) through dynamic and static testing methods. LVS uses populus deltoides LVL as the core layer and Medium-Density Fiberboard (MDF) as the surface layer, adopts a "transverse-longitudinal-transverse" cross-grain composite structure, and is made through processes such as gluing, blanking, and cold pressing, effectively integrating the mechanical strength of LVL and the surface performance of MDF.Dynamic test results show that the ratio of longitudinal to transverse elastic modulus of LVS is only 13% of that of LVL, indicating that LVS is closer to an isotropic material and significantly superior to LVL in the balance of longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties. Static four-point bending tests further confirm that LVS not only has higher deformation resistance, but also has better surface flatness and coating compatibility, fully meeting the requirements of GB/T 17657—2013 and GB/T 11718—2009 standards.The research shows that LVS realizes the efficient utilization of fast-growing populus deltoides through optimizing structural design and process parameters, has broad application prospects in construction, furniture, decoration and other fields, and is of great significance for promoting the upgrading of China's wood processing industry and achieving a win-win situation of economic and social benefits.… More
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- Improving sustainability and compressive strength of fiber reinforced concrete by adding granite powder waste as paste replacement
- Sustainable Engineering Materials Vol.1,No.1,2025 DOI:10.54113/j.suem.2025.000003 Online published:2025-7-26
- Abstract Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) typically has large cementitious paste volume and high cementitious content that lead to relatively large carbon footprint and inferior sustainability. Nevertheless, it is envisaged that this problem of FRC may be resolved by adding granite powder waste (GPW) to replace an equal volume of cementitious paste so as to reduce the cement consumption and carbon footprint, recycle the GPW, and thus improve the sustainability. Herein, a series of FRC mixes incorporating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and added with GPW to replace part of cementitious paste were produced and tested. The results showed that such paste replacement could reduce the cement consumption by as much as 20%, increase the compressive strength by up to 11%, but decrease the flexural strength by up to 7%. Put together, this could reduce the carbon footprint by as much as 18%, and increase the compressive strength/carbon footprint ratio and flexural strength/carbon footprint ratio by approximately 26% and 19%, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that the fresh and hardened performances of FRC are highly dependent on its packing density and water film thickness.… More
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- Evaluation of the durability of the exterior siding products made with trembling aspen lumber in terms of colour change
- Sustainable Engineering Materials Vol.1,No.1,2025 DOI:10.54113/j.suem.2025.000002 Online published:2025-7-26
- Abstract Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) is known for its rapid growth and wide distribution in Alberta, Canada, but its uses in non-structural wood products are limited. This study was aimed at assessing the feasibility of using aspen lumber for producing wood siding products and their durability in terms of colour change (ΔE). Both short-term natural exposure and artificial accelerated weathering tests were conducted on the aspen wood sidings produced and pressure-treated on a production line. The spruce-pine-fir (S-P-F) sidings were used as control. It was found that (1) both short-term natural and artificial accelerated weathering tests resulted in an increase in average ΔE of the siding specimens, exhibiting surface greying and darkening. (2) Finished trembling aspen siding specimens consistently exhibited greater colour stability than finished S-P-F ones. (3) Both finished trembling aspen and S-P-F siding specimens had smaller ΔE values than unfinished ones, suggesting the finishing employed in this study effectively protected surface colour.… More
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- One-dimensional charring rate of Glulam manufactured from Malagangai (Potoxylon melagangai) species treated with fire retardant
- Sustainable Engineering Materials Vol.1,No.1,2025 DOI:10.54113/j.suem.2025.000001 Online published:2025-7-26
- Abstract This study investigates the one-dimensional charring behavior of glued laminated timber (glulam) manufactured from Malagangai (Potoxylon melagangai) under standard fire exposure conditions. Specifically, the research evaluates the effectiveness of a fire-retardant coating in enhancing the fire resistance of glulam. The fire retardant used in this study is a waterborne, transparent formulation designed for application on both newly processed and preservative-treated timber surfaces, offering an additional layer of protection against fire. To assess the fire performance of both treated and untreated glulam specimens, a fire resistance test was conducted in accordance with ISO 834 (equivalent to BS 476: Part 20). The charring rate of the specimens was measured based on the guidelines outlined in EN 13381-7:2014. The experimental findings indicate that while the application of the fire-retardant coating provides some level of protection, its impact on reducing the charring rate is relatively minor. The treated glulam exhibited a charring rate of 0.58 mm/min, whereas the untreated specimen had a slightly higher charring rate of 0.63 mm/min. Both values are lower than the standard charring rate of 0.65 mm/min prescribed in Eurocode 5. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the fire performance of tropical hardwood-based glulam and highlight the need for further research into optimizing fire-retardant treatments to enhance the fire resistance.… More
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